...
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Advanced Numerical Methods |
|---|
|
| Multiexcerpt |
|---|
|
| Time | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday |
|---|
| 9.15 | Introductions | |
|
Vertical discretisation| Algorithms for semi-implicit integrations of nonhydrostatic PDEs of atmospheric dynamics (1) |
| The |
|
|
goal session is to provide an overview of the use of generalised curvilinear coordinates in atmospheric numerical models.By the end of the session you should be able to: describe some important aspects of the formulation and implementation of the governing equations in generalised coordinates describe various vertical coordinates employed in atmospheric models indicate the use of generalised coordinates to employ moving mesh adaptivity
Christian Kühnlein| Expand |
|---|
|
| title | Hydrostatic/Non-hydrostatic dynamics, resolved/permitted convection and interfacing to physical parameterizations |
|---|
|
During this presentation, we will discuss two of the questions faced by numerical weather prediction scientists as forecast models reach horizontal resolutions of 6 to 2 km:
Do we need to abandon the primitive equations for a non-hydrostatic system of equations?
Do we still need a deep convection parametrisation?
and we will show what answers to these questions are given by very high resolution simulations of the IFSset of lectures is to systematically build theoretical foundations for Numerical Weather Prediction at nonhydrostatic resolutions. In the first part of the lecture, we will discuss a suite of all-scale nonhydrostatic PDEs, including the anelastic, the pseudo-incompressible and the fully compressible Euler equations of atmospheric dynamics. First we will introduce the three sets of nonhydrostatic governing equations written in a physically intuitive Cartesian vector form, in abstraction from the model geometry and the coordinate frame adopted. Then, we will combine the three sets into a single set recast in a form of the conservation laws consistent with the problem geometry and the unified solution procedure. In the second part of the lecture, we will build and document the common numerical algorithm for integrating the generalised set of the governing PDEs put forward in the first part of the lecture. Then, we will compare soundproof and compressible solutions and demonstrate the efficacy of this unified numerical framework for two idealised flow problems relevant to weather and climate. By the end of the |
|
|
presentation, lectures you should be able to: |
|
|
discuss the limits of the hydrostatic approximation for numerical weather prediction
explain the dilemma of parametrizing deep convection versus permitting explicit deep convection at resolution in the grey zone of convection
explain the form, properties and role of alternative systems of nonhydrostatic PDEs for all scale atmospheric dynamics; explain the importance and key aspects of continuous mappings employed in all-scale atmospheric models; explain the difference between the explicit and semi-implicit algorithms for integrating nonhydrostatic PDEs, the importance of consistent numerical approximations, and the fundamental role of transport and elliptic solvers.
|
Piotr Smolarkiewicz see first lecture for handout
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | The semi-Lagrangian, semi-implicit technique of the ECMWF model |
|---|
|
|
|
Sylvie Malardel
| Expand |
|---|
title | Semi-implicit integrations of nonhydrostatic PDEs of atmospheric dynamics lecture systematically build theoretical foundations for Numerical Weather Prediction at nonhydrostatic resolutions. In the first part of the lecture, we will discuss a suite of all-scale nonhydrostatic PDEs, including the anelastic, the pseudo-incompressible and the fully compressible Euler equations of atmospheric dynamics. First we will introduce the three sets of nonhydrostatic governing equations written in a physically intuitive Cartesian vector form, in abstraction from the model geometry and the coordinate frame adopted. Then, we will combine the three sets into a single set recast in a form of the conservation laws consistent with the problem geometry and the unified solution procedure. In the second part of the lecture, we will build and document the common numerical algorithm for integrating the generalised set of the governing PDEs put forward in the first part of the lecture. Then, we will compare soundproof and compressible solutions and demonstrate the efficacy of this unified numerical framework for two idealised flow problems relevant to weather and climatedescribe the numerical technique used in the ECMWF model for integrating the transport equations of the hydrostatic primitive equation set. We will present an overview of the semi-Lagrangian method and how it is combined with semi-implicit time-stepping to provide a stable and accurate formulation for the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS).
By the end of this session you should be able to: - describe the fundamental concepts of semi-Lagrangian advection schemes, their strengths and weaknesses
- describe semi-implicit time-stepping and its use in IFS
- explain the important role these two techniques play for the efficiency of the current IFS system
- explain the impact that future super-computing architectures may have in the applicability of the semi-Lagrangian technique in high resolution non-hydrostatic global NWP systems.
|
Michail Diamantakis SISL_2017.pptx
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Discontinuous higher order discretization methods |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to learn about recent developments in discontinuous higher order spatial discretization methods, such as the Discontinuous Galerkin method (DG), and the Spectral Difference method (SD). These methods are of interest because they can be used on unstructured meshes and facilitate optimal parallel efficiency. We will present an overview of higher order grid point methods for discretizing partial differential equations (PDE's) with compact stencil support, and illustrate a practical implementation. By the end of the |
|
|
lecture session you should be able to: |
|
|
explain the form, properties and role of alternative systems of nonhydrostatic PDEs for all scale atmospheric dynamics;
explain the importance and key aspects of continuous mappings employed in all-scale atmospheric models;
explain the difference between the explicit and semi-implicit algorithms for integrating nonhydrostatic PDEs, the importance of consistent numerical approximations, and the fundamental role of transport and elliptic solvers.
ell what are the advantages offered by discontinuous higher order methods describe how to solve PDE's with discontinuous methods identify the key elements that contribute to a PDE solver
|
Willem DeconinckDisc_HO_Methods.pdf |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Massively parallel computing for NWP and climate |
|---|
|
|
|
Piotr Smolarkiewicz
| Expand |
|---|
title | Discontinuous higher order discretization methods | The aim of this session is to |
|
|
learn about recent developments in discontinuous higher order spatial discretization methods, such as the Discontinuous Galerkin method (DG), and the Spectral Difference method (SD). These methods are of interest because they can be used on unstructured meshes and facilitate optimal parallel efficiency. We will present an overview of higher order grid point methods for discretizing partial differential equations (PDE's) with compact stencil support, and illustrate a practical implementation.understand the main issues and challenges in parallel computing, and how parallel computers are programmed today. By the end of this |
|
|
By the end of the session you should be able to |
|
|
:ell what are the advantages offered by discontinuous higher order methods
describe how to solve PDE's with discontinuous methods
identify the key elements that contribute to a PDE solver
explain the difference between shared and distributed memory describe the key architectural features of a supercomputer describe the purpose of OpenMP and MPI on today’s supercomputers identify the reasons for the use of accelerator technology
|
Andreas MüllerAMueller-ParallelComputing.pdf | | 10.45 |
|
Willem Deconinck10.35 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Numerics + Discretization in NWP today |
|---|
| Using the 30-year history of ECMWF's Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) as an example, thelecture is an introduction to the development and current state-of-the-art of global numerical weather prediction (NWP), as well as to the challenges faced in the future. It is intended to provide an overview and context for the topics covered in more detail during the course.
By the end of the session you should be able to: - describe the development of global NWP, the current-state-of-the-art, and future challenges
- identify relevant areas of research in numerical methods for Earth-System Modelling
- put into context every subsequent lecture and its purpose
|
Nils Wedi Lecture_1_wedi.pptx
Animation 1 (Plumb-McEwan laboratory experiment):
| View file |
|---|
| name | QBOoriginal_short.gif.mp4 |
|---|
| height | 250 |
|---|
|
Animation 2 (DNS simulation of laboratory experiment):
 Image Added
Animation 3 (equatorial stratosphere):
 Image Added
| |
|
Mesh adaptivity using continuous mappings | The goal of this session is to provide an overview of the use of generalised curvilinear coordinates in atmospheric numerical models. By the end of the session you should be able to: describe some important aspects of the formulation and implementation of the governing equations in generalised coordinates describe various vertical coordinates employed in atmospheric models indicate the use of generalised coordinates to employ moving mesh adaptivity
|
Christian Kühnlein
Practical Session Willem Deconinck, Christian Kühnlein
| | Expand |
|---|
| title | Semi-implicit integrations of nonhydrostatic PDEs of atmospheric dynamics |
|---|
|
The aim of this lecture is to systematically build | Algorithms for semi-implicit integrations of nonhydrostatic PDEs of atmospheric dynamics (2) |
| The aim of this set of lectures is to systematically build theoretical foundations for Numerical Weather Prediction at nonhydrostatic resolutions. In the first part of the lecture, we will discuss a suite of all-scale nonhydrostatic PDEs, including the anelastic, the pseudo-incompressible and the fully compressible Euler equations of atmospheric dynamics. First we will introduce the three sets of nonhydrostatic governing equations written in a physically intuitive Cartesian vector form, in abstraction from the model geometry and the coordinate frame adopted. Then, we will combine the three sets into a single set recast in a form of the conservation laws consistent with the problem geometry and the unified solution procedure. In the second part of the lecture, we will build and document the common numerical algorithm for integrating the generalised set of the governing PDEs put forward in the first part of the lecture. Then, we will compare soundproof and compressible solutions and demonstrate the efficacy of this unified numerical framework for two idealised flow problems relevant to weather and climate. By the end of the |
|
|
lecture lectures you should be able to: explain the form, properties and role of alternative systems of nonhydrostatic PDEs for all scale atmospheric dynamics; explain the importance and key aspects of continuous mappings employed in all-scale atmospheric models; explain the difference between the explicit and semi-implicit algorithms for integrating nonhydrostatic PDEs, the importance of consistent numerical approximations, and the fundamental role of transport and elliptic solvers.
|
Piotr Smolarkiewicz see first lecture for handout
| Practical Session Willem Deconinck, Christian Kühnlein |
|
|
Discontinuous higher order discretization methods | The aim of this session is to learn about recent developments in discontinuous higher order spatial discretization methods, such as the Discontinuous Galerkin method (DG), and the Spectral Difference method (SD). These methods are of interest because they can be used on unstructured meshes and facilitate optimal parallel efficiency. We will present an overview of higher order grid point methods for discretizing partial differential equations (PDE's) with compact stencil support, and illustrate a practical implementation.
| Operational and research activities at ECMWF now/in the future |
| In this lecture we will give you a brief history of ECMWF and present the main areas of NWP research that is currently being carried out in the centre. We then look at current research challenges and present some of the latest developments that will soon become operational. By the end of the lecture |
|
|
By the end of the session ell what are the advantages offered by discontinuous higher order methods
describe how to solve PDE's with discontinuous methods
identify the key elements that contribute to a PDE solver
Willem Deconinck
11.45 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | The spectral transform method |
|---|
|
The success of the spectral transform method in global NWP in comparison to alternative methods has been overwhelming, with many operational forecast centres (including ECMWF) having madethe spectral transform their method of choice. The lecture will introduce the basic elements of the spectral transform, explain why it has been successful and describe recent developments such as
- List the main research areas at ECMWF and describe the latest model developments.
|
Sarah Keeley and Erland Källén ECMWF-Past-FutureNM_2017fin.pptx
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Reduced Precision Computing for Earth System Modelling |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to understand how numerical precision can be traded against computational performance in Earth System modelling. It will be discussed how a reduction in numerical precision will influence model quality and how the minimal level of precision that will still allow simulations at high accuracy can be identified. We will give an overview about existing hardware options to adjust numerical precision to the need of the application |
|
|
the fast Legendre transform the this session you should be able to |
|
|
:- explain what the spectral transform method is, how it is applied, and describe the latest developments at ECMWF.
- give reasons why it is successful for global NWP and climate.
- identify potential disadvantages of the method.
Nils Wedi
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Towards an Earth-System Model |
|---|
| Recently, there is in increasing interest in trying to understand the properties of coupled atmosphere, ocean-wave, ocean/sea-ice models with an ultimate goal to start predicting weather, waves and ocean circulation on time scales ranging from the medium-range to seasonal timescale. Such a coupled system not only requires the development of an efficient coupled forecasting system but also the development of a data assimilation component. During the two lectures I will briefly describe the components of the coupled system. It will be made plausible that ocean waves are an essential element of such a coupled system as through the wave action, momentum and heat are transferred from atmosphere to ocean. Also, the sea state determines to a considerable extent the efficiency with which momentum is transferred from atmosphere to waves, while ocean waves also play a decisive role in the evolution of the sea-ice edge. Results showing the importance of ocean waves on upper-ocean mixing and on atmospheric circulation are discussed as well, while I will finish the lectures by presenting preliminary results from coupled data assimilation experiments. By the end of this session, the student will be able to: - discuss the impact of ocean waves on the coupled system
- describe the different wave processes that are modelled in the ECMWF system
- describe the impact of ocean circulation on the atmosphere
|
Jean Bidlot | Practical Session Willem Deconinck, Christian Kühnlein | | | 11.55 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Introduction to semi-implicit integrations of nonhydrostatic PDEs of atmospheric dynamics |
|---|
| The aim of this set of lectures is to systematically build theoretical foundations for Numerical Weather Prediction at nonhydrostatic resolutions. In the first part of the lecture, we will discuss a suite of all-scale nonhydrostatic PDEs, including the anelastic, the pseudo-incompressible and the fully compressible Euler equations of atmospheric dynamics. First we will introduce the three sets of nonhydrostatic governing equations written in a physically intuitive Cartesian vector form, in abstraction from the model geometry and the coordinate frame adopted. Then, we will combine the three sets into a single set recast in a form of the conservation laws consistent with the problem geometry and the unified solution procedure. In the second part of the lecture, we will build and document the common numerical algorithm for integrating the generalised set of the governing PDEs put forward in the first part of the lecture. Then, we will compare soundproof and compressible solutions and demonstrate the efficacy of this unified numerical framework for two idealised flow problems relevant to weather and climate. By the end of the lectures you should be able to: explain the form, properties and role of alternative systems of nonhydrostatic PDEs for all scale atmospheric dynamics; explain the importance and key aspects of continuous mappings employed in all-scale atmospheric models; explain the difference between the explicit and semi-implicit algorithms for integrating nonhydrostatic PDEs, the importance of consistent numerical approximations, and the fundamental role of transport and elliptic solvers.
|
Piotr SmolarkiewiczCourse2017_smolar.pptx | Practical Session (elliptic solvers) Andreas Müller, Willem Deconinck, Christian Kühnlein
Tuesday-Exercises-Handout.pdf
| Practical Session Willem Deconinck, Christian Kühnlein |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Discontinuous higher order discretization methods |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to learn about recent developments in discontinuous higher order spatial discretization methods, such as the Discontinuous Galerkin method (DG), and the Spectral Difference method (SD). These methods are of interest because they can be used on unstructured meshes and facilitate optimal parallel efficiency. We will present an overview of higher order grid point methods for discretizing partial differential equations (PDE's) with compact stencil support, and illustrate a practical implementation. By the end of the session you should be able to: ell what are the advantages offered by discontinuous higher order methods describe how to solve PDE's with discontinuous methods identify the key elements that contribute to a PDE solver
|
Willem DeconinckSee first lecture for handout
|
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Massively parallel computing for NWP and climate |
|---|
|
The aim of this session is to understand the main issues and challenges in parallel computing, and how parallel computers are programmed today. By the end of this session you should be able to explain the difference between shared and distributed memory describe the key architectural features of a supercomputer describe the purpose of OpenMP and MPI on today’s supercomputers identify the reasons for the use of accelerator technology
|
George Mozdzynski | Course wrap up and Certificates | | 14.00 | |
|
semi-Lagrangian, semi-implicit technique of the ECMWF model| spectral transform method |
| The |
|
|
aim this session is to describe the numerical technique used in the ECMWF model for integrating the transport equations of the hydrostatic primitive equation set. We will present an overview of the semi-Lagrangian method and how it is combined with semi-implicit time-stepping to provide a stable and accurate formulation for the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS)the spectral transform method in global NWP in comparison to alternative methods has been overwhelming, with many operational forecast centres (including ECMWF) having madethe spectral transform their method of choice. The lecture will introduce the basic elements of the spectral transform, explain why it has been successful and describe recent developments such as the fast Legendre transform.
By the end of |
|
|
this the session you should be able to: |
|
|
- describe the fundamental concepts of semi-Lagrangian advection schemes, their strengths and weaknesses
- describe semi-implicit time-stepping and its use in IFS
- explain the important role these two techniques play for the efficiency of the current IFS system
- explain the impact that future super-computing architectures may have in the applicability of the semi-Lagrangian technique in high resolution non-hydrostatic global NWP systems.
- explain what the spectral transform method is, how it is applied, and describe the latest developments at ECMWF.
- give reasons why it is successful for global NWP and climate.
- identify potential disadvantages of the method.
|
Nils Wedi Lecture_2_wedi.pptx
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Eulerian time-stepping schemes for NWP and climate |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to describe Eulerian based numerical techniques for integrating the equation sets encountered in NWP models. We will present an overview of different time-stepping techniques and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
By the end of the session you should be able to:- obtain a good understanding of the minimum theoretical properties required by time-stepping schemes
- describe differences, strengths-weaknesses of different time-stepping approaches such as split-explicit time-stepping, Runge-Kutta time-stepping
- describe the basic features of different time-stepping schemes used in other weather forecasting models such as WRF, ICON
|
Michail Diamantakis tstepping2017.pptx |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Hydrostatic/Non-hydrostatic dynamics, resolved/permitted convection and interfacing to physical parameterizations |
|---|
| During this presentation, we will discuss two of the questions faced by numerical weather prediction scientists as forecast models reach horizontal resolutions of 6 to 2 km: Do we need to abandon the primitive equations for a non-hydrostatic system of equations? Do we still need a deep convection parametrisation? and we will show what answers to these questions are given by very high resolution simulations of the IFS.
By the end of the presentation, you should be able to: discuss the limits of the hydrostatic approximation for numerical weather prediction explain the dilemma of parametrizing deep convection versus permitting explicit deep convection at resolution in the grey zone of convection
|
Sylvie MalardelPDC_grey.pdf
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Introduction to element based computing, finite volume and finite element methods |
|---|
| The aim of two lectures is to introduce basis of finite volume and continuous finite element discretisations and relate them to corresponding data structures and mesh generation techniques. The main focus will be on unstructured meshes and their application to global and local atmospheric models. Flexibility, communication overheads, memory requirements and user friendliness of such meshes with be contrasted with those of structured meshes. The most commonly used mesh generation techniques will be highlighted, together with mesh |
|
|
Michail Diamantakis
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Towards an Earth-System Model |
|---|
| Recently, there is in increasing interest in trying to understand the properties of coupled atmosphere, ocean-wave, ocean/sea-ice models with an ultimate goal to start predicting weather, waves and ocean circulation on time scales ranging from the medium-range to seasonal timescale. Such a coupled system not only requires the development of an efficient coupled forecasting system but also the development of a data assimilation component. During the two lectures I will briefly describe the components of the coupled system. It will be made plausible that ocean waves are an essential element of such a coupled system as through the wave action, momentum and heat are transferred from atmosphere to ocean. Also, the sea state determines to a considerable extent the efficiency with which momentum is transferred from atmosphere to waves, while ocean waves also play a decisive role in the evolution of the sea-ice edge. Results showing the importance of ocean waves on upper-ocean mixing and on atmospheric circulation are discussed as well, while I will finish the lectures by presenting preliminary results from coupled data assimilation experiments. By the end of this session, the student will be able to: - discuss the impact of ocean waves on the coupled system
- describe the different wave processes that are modelled in the ECMWF system
- describe the impact of ocean circulation on the atmosphere
|
Jean Bidlot | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Introduction to element based computing, finite volume and finite element methods |
|---|
|
The aim of two lectures is to introduce basis of finite volume and continuous finite element discretisations and relate them to corresponding data structures and mesh generation techniques. The main focus will be on unstructured meshes and their application to global and local atmospheric models. Flexibility, communication overheads, memory requirements and user friendliness of such meshes with be contrasted with those of structured meshes. The most commonly used mesh generation techniques will be highlighted, together with mesh manipulation techniques employed in mesh adaption approaches and will be followed by a discussion of alternative geometrical representations of orography. An example of unstructured meshes’ implementation to non-hydrostatic and hydrostatic atmospheric solvers will provide an illustration of their potential and challenges. By the end of the lecture you should be able to: understand applicability, advantages and disadvantages of selected mesh generation techniques for a given type of application. appreciate importance of data structures in relation to atmospheric models and mesh generation. gain awareness of issues related to flexible mesh generation and adaption.
|
| |
|
Joanna SzmelterMassively parallel computing for NWP and climate aim goal of this session is to |
|
|
understand the main issues and challenges in parallel computing, and how parallel computers are programmed todayprovide an overview of the use of generalised curvilinear coordinates in atmospheric numerical models. By the end of |
|
|
this the session you should be able to: |
|
|
explain the difference between shared and distributed memory
describe the key architectural features of a supercomputer
describe the purpose of OpenMP and MPI on today’s supercomputers
identify the reasons for the use of accelerator technology
George Mozdzynski
15.30 | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Alternative time-stepping schemes for atmospheric modelling |
|---|
|
The aim of this session is to describe alternative (to the semi-Lagrangian) numerical techniques for integrating the transport equation sets encountered in NWP models. We will present an overview
of different Eulerian
time-stepping techniques and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
Michail Diamantakis
describe some important aspects of the formulation and implementation of the governing equations in generalised coordinates describe various vertical coordinates employed in atmospheric models indicate the use of generalised coordinates to employ moving mesh adaptivity
|
Christian Kühnleinkuehnlein_EC_TC2017.pdf
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Mesh adaptivity using continuous mappings |
|---|
| The goal of this session is to provide an overview of the use of generalised curvilinear coordinates in atmospheric numerical models. By the end of the session you should be able to: |
|
|
- recognize the basic differences between semi-Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches
- describe differences, strengths-weaknesses of different time-stepping approaches such as split-explicit time-stepping, Runge-Kutta time-stepping
- describe the basic features of different time-stepping schemes used in other weather forecasting models such as WRF, ICON
describe some important aspects of the formulation and implementation of the governing equations in generalised coordinates describe various vertical coordinates employed in atmospheric models indicate the use of generalised coordinates to employ moving mesh adaptivity
|
Christian Kühnlein See first lecture for handout |
|
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Hydrostatic/Non-hydrostatic dynamics, resolved/permitted convection and interfacing to physical parameterizations |
|---|
| During this presentation, we will discuss two of the questions faced by numerical weather prediction scientists as forecast models reach horizontal resolutions of 6 to 2 km: Do we need to abandon the primitive equations for a non-hydrostatic system of equations? Do we still need a deep convection parametrisation? and we will show what answers to these questions are given by very high resolution simulations of the IFS.
By the end of the presentation, you should be able to: discuss the limits of the hydrostatic approximation for numerical weather prediction explain the dilemma of parametrizing deep convection versus permitting explicit deep convection at resolution in the grey zone of convection
|
|
|
|
| Expand |
|---|
| The aim of two lectures is to introduce basis of finite volume and continuous finite element discretisations and relate them to corresponding data structures and mesh generation techniques. The main focus will be on unstructured meshes and their application to global and local atmospheric models. Flexibility, communication overheads, memory requirements and user friendliness of such meshes with be contrasted with those of structured meshes. The most commonly used mesh generation techniques will be highlighted, together with mesh manipulation techniques employed in mesh adaption approaches and will be followed by a discussion of alternative geometrical representations of orography. An example of unstructured meshes’ implementation to non-hydrostatic and hydrostatic atmospheric solvers will provide an illustration of their potential and challenges. By the end of the lecture you should be able to: understand applicability, advantages and disadvantages of selected mesh generation techniques for a given type of application. appreciate importance of data structures in relation to atmospheric models and mesh generation. gain awareness of issues related to flexible mesh generation and adaption.
|
Joanna Szmelter See first lecture for handout | |
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Parametrization of sub-grid scale processes |
|---|
|
| Multiexcerpt |
|---|
|
| Time | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday |
|---|
| 9.15 | Introduction to the course Erland Källén / Students
|
| Expand |
|---|
| This session describes the representation of subgrid-scale variability of humidity, cloud and precipitation and how this can be parametrized in atmospheric models. |
|
|
| Operational and research activities at ECMWF now/in the future | In this lecture we will give you a brief history of ECMWF and present the main areas of NWP research that is currently being carried out in the centre. We then look at current research challenges and present some of the latest developments that will soon become operational. lecture session you should be able to: |
|
|
- List the main research areas at ECMWF and describe the latest model developments.
Sarah Keeley and Erland Källén
| Expand |
|---|
|
• recognise the reasons for representing the subgrid variability of humidity and cloud in an atmospheric model • explain how the key quantity of cloud fraction is related to subgrid heterogeneity assumptions • describe the different types of subgrid cloud parametrization schemes. |
Richard Forbes TC2017_Forbes_L2_cloud_coldphase.pptx |
| Expand |
|---|
| This session will have two main components: - An overview of the role of snow in the climate system from observations, models and forecasts; with a description of the current representation of snow in the ECMWF model.
- An overview of the role of vegetation in NWP with a description of the evolution of vegetation representation in the ECMWF model, supported by some evaluation examples
|
|
|
| Multiexcerpt |
|---|
|
|
| Time | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday |
|---|
9.15 | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Introduction. Operational and research activities at ECMWF now/in the future |
|---|
|
In this lecture we will give you a brief history of ECMWF and present the main areas of NWP research that is currently being carried out in the centre. We then look at current research challenges and present some of the latest developments that will soon become operational lecture you session, the students should be able |
|
|
to- List the main research areas at ECMWF and describe the latest model developments.
Erland Källén, Sarah Keeley
- Identify the main processes associated with snow and vegetation in NWP
- Describe the main components related to snow and vegetation scheme in the ECMWF land surface model
|
Souhail Boussetta TC2017_PA_Surf_partII.pptx |
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Assimilation Algorithms: (2) 3D-Var |
|---|
|
|
Mike
Assimilation Algorithms: 4D-Var |
Mike
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Data Assimilation Diagnostics: Forecast Sensitivity |
|---|
|
|
Carla Cardinali - Lecture will be given by Andras Horanyi| : Surface Energy, Water Cycle |
| By the end of the session, the students should be able: - relate flux and storage
- recognise land surface predictors and land diagnostic quantities
|
Gianpaolo Balsamo new_surf2.pptx | |
|
Parameterization | Parametrization and Data Assimilation |
| This |
|
|
one identify the challenges associated with the use of start by explaining the role and main ingredients of data assimilation in general. The widely used framework of variational data assimilation will then be gradually introduced. The challenges associated with the necessary inclusion of physical parametrizations in the |
|
|
context of four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var)data assimilation process will be highlighted. The concept of adjoint model as well as the techniques to derive it will be introduced. The importance of the linearity constraint in 4D-Var and the methods to address it will be detailed. The set of linearized physical parametrizations used at ECMWF will then be briefly presented. |
|
|
Examples Finally, various examples of the use of physical parametrizations in variational data assimilation and its impact on weather forecast quality will be given. By the end of the |
|
|
lecturesession, the students should be able: |
|
|
to • to name the main ingredients of a data assimilation system. • to tell why physical parametrizations are needed in data assimilation. |
|
|
to • to identify the role of the adjoint code in 4D-Var. • to recognize the importance of the regularization of the linearized code. |
Philippe Lopez see first lecture for handouts
| | 10. |
|
35Assimilation Algorithms : Basic Concepts |
Mike
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Land Data Assimilation - Soil moisture |
|---|
|
The aim of these sessions is to understand the role of land surface data assimilation on medium range weather forecasts. We will give an overview of the different approaches used to assimilate land surface data and to initialise model variables in NWP. We will present the current observing systems and describe the land data assimilation structure within ECMWF system. By the end of the session you should be able to: - identify the different observations used for snow and soil moisture data assimilation
- define land surface data assimilation approaches used for NWP
- describe the role of land surface data assimilation on medium-range weather forecasts
|
Patricia de Rosnay
| This module aims to introduce the fundamentals of radiative transfer theory and its role within the global atmospheric circulation. The lectures will also cover the techniques of numerical modelling of the radiative transfer equations in global-circulation models with a particular focus on the code in use in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System. By the end of the session students should be able to: • Identify the key processes controlling the atmospheric radiative balance • Recognize the role of the radiative transfer in the Earth energy balance • Estimate the impact of changes in the radiative parameterizations on climate Additional outcomes: • Develop skills in data analysis and numerical modelling |
Robin Hogan
hogan_ecmwf_radiation_lecture1.pptx |
| Expand |
|---|
| Convection affects all atmospheric scales. Therefore, the convection session aims to provide a deeper understanding of the atmospheric general circulation and its interaction with convective heating and vertical transports. The notions and techniques acquired during the course should be useful for developers of convective parametrizations, forecasters and for analysing ouput from high-resolution convection resolving models |
|
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Ensemble of Data Assimilations and uncertainty estimation |
|---|
|
The Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA) technique is used for the estimation of the analysis and background errors of the ECMWF assimilation system. This lecture describes the EDA formulation and implementation, and how it interacts with ECMWF 4DVar analysis and ECMWF Ensemble Prediction System lecture the participants should be able to:- Describe the theoretical basis and practical implementation of the EDA
- Explain the use of the EDA in the ECMWF analysis and ensemble prediction systems
Massimo Bonavita
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Analysis of Satellite Data |
|---|
|
The primary purpose of this lecture is explore the implications of the fact that satellites can only measure radiation at the top of the atmosphere and do not measure the geophysical variables we require for NWP (e.g. temperature, humidity and wind). The link between the atmospheric variables and the measured radiances is the radiative transfer equation - the key elements of which are discussed. It is shown how - with careful frequency selection - satellite measurements can be made for which the relationship to geophysical variables is greatly simplified. Despite these simplifications, it is shown that the extraction of detailed profile information from downward looking radiance measurements is a formally ill posed inverse problem. Data assimilation is introduced as the solution to this inverse problem, where background information and satellite observations are combined to produce a best or optimal estimate of the atmospheric state. The main elements of the assimilation scheme (such as the chain of observation operators for radiances) and its key statistical inputs are examined. In particular it is shown that incorrect specification of observation errors (R) and background errors (B) can severely limit the successful exploitation of satellite data. By the end of this lecture you will: - understand exactly what a satellite actually measures (radiance)
- appreciate the complex relationship between what is measured and what we wish to know for NWP
- how information is extracted from satellite measurements in data assimilation
|
Tony McNally
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Ocean Data Assimilation |
|---|
|
This lecture provides an overview of a typical ocean data assimilation system for initialization and re-analyses application. The lecture uses as an example the ECMWF ocean data assimilation system, which is based the NEMOVAR (3Dvar FGAT). This will be used to discuss design of the assimilation cycle, formulation of error covariances, observations assimilated and evaluation procedure, among others. By the end of the lecture students should be able to: - describe the different components involved in a an ocean data assimilation system
- list the commonalities and and differences between ocean and atmosphere data assimilation
- describe the basics of the physical ocean observing system
- explain the essential multivariate relationships between ocean variables
- identify the limitations of the existing systems.
|
Magdalena Alonso-Balmaseda
11.45 | | Expand |
|---|
| title | The Global Observing System |
|---|
|
The aim of this session is to present an overview of the current observing systems used in Numerical Weather Prediction. We will discuss our observational requirement, and how close the current observing system is to meeting our needs. We will also discuss areas where our requirements are evolving. We will learn about WMO's OSCAR database that describes the Global Observing System. We will learn how the large diversity of observations now available, are monitored to ensure only good observations are presented to an operational system. By the end of the session you should be able to: - be able to describe the main types of observations used in data assimilation for Numerical Weather Prediction;
- be aware of how large volumes of observations are exchanged, implemented and monitored in operational systems;
- be aware of WMO's OSCAR database, how to access it and what type of information it can provide.
|
Steve English
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Background error modeling and non-Gaussian aspects of data assimilation |
|---|
|
The background error is central to the performance of the analysis system and tells how much confidence to put in the best available forecast which is to be updated with new observations. The lecture will review how background errors are estimated and represented for current variational algorithms. |
Elias Holm
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Ensemble Kalman filters |
|---|
| | The aim of this lecture is to introduce the concept of the EnKF in the context of atmospheric data assimilation. Strengths and weaknesses of the algorithm will be discussed and results of the ECMWF implementation will be presented. By the end of the lecture the participants should be able to: • Describe the basic EnKF algorithm and its connections with the Kalman Filter; • Discuss some of the advantages and the limitations of EnKF algorithms with respect to more established variational algorithms; • Be aware of recent developments in hybrid variational-EnKF data assimilation |
Massimo Bonavita | | Expand |
|---|
|
In this lecture, the impact of model error on variational data assimilation will be presented. This lecture will introduce weak-constraint 4D-Var as a way to account for model error in the data assimilation process. Several examples of results from simplified implementations in the IFS will be shown. By the end of the lecture the participants should be able to: - describe the impact of model error on the data assimilation process,
- explain the difficulties in properly accounting for model error in data assimilation.
|
Yannick Tremolet - Lecture will be given by Mike Fisher
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Data Assimilation of Atmospheric Composition |
|---|
|
At ECMWF atmospheric composition data are assimilated into the IFS as part of the MACC-II project. On a global scale, atmospheric composition represents the full state of the global atmosphere covering phenomena such as desert dust plumes, long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants or ash plumes from volcanic eruptions, but also variations and long-term changes in the background concentrations of greenhouse gases. The aim of this lecture is to give an overview of the work that is carried out at ECMWF regarding the assimilation of atmospheric composition data, and to address why this is of interest and which special challenges are faced when assimilating atmospheric composition data. By the end of the session you should: - have some understanding of the work carried out at ECMWF to assimilate data of atmospheric composition
|
Antje Inness
14.00 | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Aspects of using observations in data assimilation |
|---|
|
|
Lars Isaksen
| Expand |
|---|
|
In this lecture the variational bias correction scheme (VarBC) as used at ECMWF is explained. VarBC replaced the tedious job of estimating observation bias off-line for each satellite instrument or in-situ network by an automatic self-adaptive system. This is achieved by making the bias estimation an integral part of the ECMWF variational data assimilation system, where now both the initial model state and observation bias estimates are updated simultaneously. By the end of the session you should be able to realize that: - many observations are biased, and that the characteristics of bias varies widely between types of instruments
- separation between model bias and observation bias is often difficult
- the success of an adaptive system implicitly relies on a redundancy in the underlying observing system.
|
Dick Dee
Toy Model Practice Session (1) Mike Fisher, Yannick Tremolet, Martin Leutbecher OR | Expand |
|---|
| title | Tangent Linear and Adjoints |
|---|
| The goal of this lecture is to familiarise the student with the notion of tangent linear and adjoint models, and their use in variational data assimilation. A general overview of the current use of tangent linear and adjoint models in the ECMWF system will also be provided. Theoretical definitions and practical examples of tangent liner and adjoint models will be given. The student will be invited to work some simple tangent linear and adjoint derivations together with the instructor. A brief introduction to automatic differentiation software will also be given./ By the end of the session you should be able to: - define what tangent linear and adjoint models are
- derive tangent linear and adjoint equations for a simple nonlinear equation
- describe the use of tangent linear and adjoint codes within the ECMWF's 4D-VAR system.
|
Angela Benedetti | Toy Model Practice Session (1)
Mike Fisher, Yannick Tremolet, Martin Leutbecher
OR
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Tangent Linear and Adjoints |
|---|
|
The goal of this lecture is to familiarise the student with the notion of tangent linear and adjoint models, and their use in variational data assimilation. A general overview of the current use of tangent linear and adjoint models in the ECMWF system will also be provided. Theoretical definitions and practical examples of tangent liner and adjoint models will be given. The student will be invited to work some simple tangent linear and adjoint derivations together with the instructor. A brief introduction to automatic differentiation software will also be given./ By the end of the session you should be able to: - define what tangent linear and adjoint models are
- derive tangent linear and adjoint equations for a simple nonlinear equation
- describe the use of tangent linear and adjoint codes within the ECMWF's 4D-VAR system.
|
Angela Benedetti
| Expand |
|---|
|
The aim of this session is to understand how data assimilation can improve our knowledge of past weather over long time-scales. We will present recent advances that help capture changes over time in observing system networks, and project this variation in information content into uncertainty estimates of the reanalysis products. We will also discuss the applications of reanalysis, which generally put weather events into the climate context. By the end of the session you should be able to: - explain what are the goals of data assimilation in a reanalysis data assimilation system
- list the key aspects that require particular attention in reanalysis, as compared to numerical weather prediction
- describe the most common problems in reanalysis products
|
Patrick Laloyaux
15.30 | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Land Data Analysis System - screen level parameters and snow |
|---|
|
The aim of these sessions is to understand the role of land surface data assimilation on medium range weather forecasts. We will give an overview of the different approaches used to assimilate land surface data and to initialise model variables in NWP. We will present the current observing systems and describe the land data assimilation structure within ECMWF system. By the end of the session you should be able to: - identify the different observations used for snow and soil moisture data assimilation
- define land surface data assimilation approaches used for NWP
- describe the role of land surface data assimilation on medium-range weather forecasts
|
Patricia de Rosnay
Followed by drinks reception and poster session
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Quality Control of observations |
|---|
|
A single observation can under some conditions undermine the quality of a global analyses. The lecture will go through methods used to make the analysis more robust against oulier or wrong observations, with focus on variational quality control. |
Elias Holm
Toy Model Practice Session (2)
Mike Fisher, Yannick Tremolet, Martin Leutbecher
OR
Tangent linear and adjoint practical session
Angela Benedetti
Toy Model Practice Session (2)
Mike Fisher, Yannick Tremolet, Martin Leutbecher
OR
Tangent linear and adjoint practical session
Angela Benedetti
Question/answer session
Elias Holm, Lars Isaksen, Tony McNally, Mike Fisher Course evaluation 16:-16:30 Sarah Keeley
| | Expand |
|---|
| title | Satellite Data Assimilation (EUMETSAT/ECMWF)) |
|---|
|
session you should become familiarised with • the interaction between the large-scale circulation and the convection including radiative-convective equilibrium and convectively-coupled large-scale waves • the notion of convective adjustment and the mass flux concept in particular • the basic concepts behind the ECMWF convection parametrization and some useful numerical tricks • forecasting convection including convective systems and the diurnal cycle • diagnose forecast errors related to convection. |
Peter Bechtold CONVECTION_T1_2017.ppt
|
| Expand |
|---|
| This module aims to introduce the fundamentals of radiative transfer theory and its role within the global atmospheric circulation. The lectures will also cover the techniques of numerical modelling of the radiative transfer equations in global-circulation models with a particular focus on the code in use in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System. By the end of the session students should be able to: • Identify the key processes controlling the atmospheric radiative balance • Recognize the role of the radiative transfer in the Earth energy balance • Estimate the impact of changes in the radiative parameterizations on climate Additional outcomes: • Develop skills in data analysis and numerical modelling |
Alessio Bozzo AB_TC_Radiation_Lecture3a.pptx |
| Expand |
|---|
| Convection affects all atmospheric scales. Therefore, the convection session aims to provide a deeper understanding of the atmospheric general circulation and its interaction with convective heating and vertical transports. The notions and techniques acquired during the course should be useful for developers of convective parametrizations, forecasters and for analysing ouput from high-resolution convection resolving models. By the end of the session you should become familiarised with • the interaction between the large-scale circulation and the convection including radiative-convective equilibrium and convectively-coupled large-scale waves • the notion of convective adjustment and the mass flux concept in particular • the basic concepts behind the ECMWF convection parametrization and some useful numerical tricks • forecasting convection including convective systems and the diurnal cycle • diagnose forecast errors related to convection. |
Peter Bechtold
CONVECTION_T3_2017.ppt |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Numerics of Parameterization |
|---|
| This short lecture is an introduction to the questions of time splitting and process splitting in a numerical weather prediction model and to the problems resulting from the interaction of different numerical solvers inside the same model. After this introduction, you should • be fully aware that each parametrisation is only a small part of a much larger system, usually one term in the full system of equations which needs to be solved by the forecast model, • remember, when working on your own parametrisation(s), that parametrisations are also subject to the constraints imposed by numerical analysis and algorithmic, as is the solver in the dynamical core. |
Sylvie Malardel PDC_2017.pdf | | 11.55 |
| Expand |
|---|
| This session gives a theoretical introduction of the planetary boundary layer, including its definition, classification, notions about turbulence within the boundary layer, differences between clear and cloudy boundary layers, and equations used to describe the mean state in a numerical model. Expected outcomes: • understand what is the boundary layer, its characteristics and why it is important to study it and represent it correctly in numerical models • understand the difference between the various boundary layer types |
Irina Sandu
pbl1_is_2017.ppt |
| Expand |
|---|
| This module aims to introduce the fundamentals of radiative transfer theory and its role within the global atmospheric circulation. The lectures will also cover the techniques of numerical modelling of the radiative transfer equations in global-circulation models with a particular focus on the code in use in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System. By the end of the session students should be able to: • Identify the key processes controlling the atmospheric radiative balance • Recognize the role of the radiative transfer in the Earth energy balance • Estimate the impact of changes in the radiative parameterizations on climate Additional outcomes: • Develop skills in data analysis and numerical modelling |
Robin Hogan hogan_ecmwf_radiation_lecture2.pptx
|
| Expand |
|---|
| Convection affects all atmospheric scales. Therefore, the convection session aims to provide a deeper understanding of the atmospheric general circulation and its interaction with convective heating and vertical transports. The notions and techniques acquired during the course should be useful for developers of convective parametrizations, forecasters and for analysing ouput from high-resolution convection resolving models. By the end of the session you should become familiarised with • the interaction between the large-scale circulation and the convection including radiative-convective equilibrium and convectively-coupled large-scale waves • the notion of convective adjustment and the mass flux concept in particular • the basic concepts behind the ECMWF convection parametrization and some useful numerical tricks • forecasting convection including convective systems and the diurnal cycle • diagnose forecast errors related to convection. |
Peter Bechtold
CONVECTION_T2_2017.ppt |
| Expand |
|---|
| Building on the previous two Cloud sessions, the practical implementation of a cloud parametrization is described, using the ECMWF global model as an example appropriate for global weather forecasting. By the end of the session you should be able to: • explain the key sources and sinks of cloud and precipitation required in a parametrization • describe the main components of the ECMWF stratiform cloud parametrization • recognise the limitations of approximating complex processes. |
Richard Forbes TC2017_Forbes_L3_cloud_subgrid.pptx
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Model Evaluation: Clouds and Boundary Layer |
|---|
| This session will give an overview of techniques and data sources used for the verification of the boundary layer scheme. We will use examples from the IFS to explore how verification methods can help to identify systematic errors in the model's boundary layer parameterization, and guide future model development. By the end of this session you should be able to: • Identify data sources and products suitable for BL verification • Recognize the strengths and limitations of the verification strategies discussed • Choose a suitable verification method to investigate model errors in boundary layer height, transport and cloudiness. |
Maike Ahlgrimm CldPblVeri2017.ppt
| | 14.00 |
| Expand |
|---|
| This session gives a brief overview of cloud parametrization issues and an understanding of the basic microphysics of liquid, ice and mixed phase cloud and precipitation processes. By the end of the session you should be able to: • recall the basic concepts for the design of a cloud parametrization • describe the key microphysical processes in the atmosphere • recognize the important microphysical processes that need to be parametrized in a global NWP model. |
Richard Forbes TC2017_Forbes_L1_cloud_warmphase.pptx |
| Expand |
|---|
| This session focuses on representation of the surface layer, i.e. the layer between the surface and the first model level. More particularly, it explains how the surface fluxes are parametrized, and it gives insights on the representation of the surfaces roughness lengths which are one of the crucial aspects of the formulation of the surface fluxes. Expected outcomes: • be aware of the difficulties related to the representation of the surface layer in a numerical model • understand how the surface fluxes are parametrized |
Irina Sandu pbl2_is_2017.pptx |
| Expand |
|---|
| This session explains the different approaches used in numerical models to parametrize the turbulent mixing taking place at the subgrid scale, above the surface layer. Various turbulence closures are presented before describing closure currently used in the ECMWF model. Expected outcomes: • understand what a turbulence closure is and what are the types of closures encountered in numerical models • have an overview of the parameterization of turbulent mixing in the ECMWF model |
Irina Sandu pbl3_is_2017.ppt
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Parametrization and Data Assimilation |
|---|
| This three-hour lecture will start by explaining the role and main ingredients of data assimilation in general. The widely used framework of variational data assimilation will then be gradually introduced. The challenges associated with the necessary inclusion of physical parametrizations in the data assimilation process will be highlighted. The concept of adjoint model as well as the techniques to derive it will be introduced. The importance of the linearity constraint in 4D-Var and the methods to address it will be detailed. The set of linearized physical parametrizations used at ECMWF will then be briefly presented. Finally, various examples of the use of physical parametrizations in variational data assimilation and its impact on weather forecast quality will be given. By the end of the session, the students should be able: • to name the main ingredients of a data assimilation system. • to tell why physical parametrizations are needed in data assimilation. • to identify the role of the adjoint code in 4D-Var. • to recognize the importance of the regularization of the linearized code. |
Philippe Lopez TC_PA_lopez_2017_main.ppt
TC_PA_lopez_2017_ex.ppt
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Parameterization of Sub-grid Orography |
|---|
| On the basis of simple gravity wave theory, the concepts of sub-grib turbulent form drag, flow blocking, and gravity wave excitation will be introduced. The ECMWF formulations will be described, and the impact will be discussed. By the end of the session students should be able to: • Describe the relevant physical mechanisms related to sub-grid orography that have impact on flow in the atmosphere. • Describe the impact of sub-grid orography. |
Anton Beljaars subgrid_orography_2017.ppt
| | 15.30 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Land Surface (1): Introduction |
|---|
| By the end of the session students should be able to: - recognise land elements relevant to weather,
- review land modelling strategies to heterogeneity
|
Gianpaolo Balsamo new_surf1.pptx | Introduction to the Single Column Model Filip Vana SCM_intro.pdf Introduction to Metview and SCM interface Iain Russell 2016-03-21-Metview-SCM-Overview.pptx
Radiation exercises Alessio Bozzo and Robin Hogan | Land Surface exercises Gianpaolo Balsamo and Souhail Boussetta
| Boundary Layer & Cloud exercises Irina Sandu, Maike Ahlgrimm and Richard Forbes | Moist Processes Exercises Richard Forbes and Peter Bechtold
| | 16.40 | Moist Processes Games Richard Forbes and Peter Bechtold | Radiation exercises Alessio Bozzo and Robin Hogan | Land Surface exercises Gianpaolo Balsamo and Souhail Boussetta
| Boundary Layer & Cloud exercises Irina Sandu, Maike Ahlgrimm and Richard Forbes | Course wrap up and certificates |
|
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Predictability and ocean-atmosphere ensembles |
|---|
|
| Multiexcerpt |
|---|
|
Time: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday |
|---|
| 9.15-10.15 | Introduction to the course with Computer Hall tour
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Initial Uncertainties (2) |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to introduce the ECMWF ensemble of data assimilation (EDA). The rationale and methodology of the EDA will be illustrated, and its use in to simulate initial uncertainties in the ECMWF ensemble prediction system (ENS) will be presented. By the end of the session you should be able to: know what is the ECMWF EDA illustrate how the EDA is used to simulate initial uncertainty in ensemble prediction understand the main differences between singular vectors and EDA-based perturbations
|
Simon Lang lang_2_2017new.pdf
|
| Expand |
|---|
| Increasing observation volumes and model complexity, decreasing errors, and a growing desire for uncertainty information, all necessitate developments in our diagnostic tools. The aim of these lectures is to discuss some of these tools, the dynamical insight behind them, and the residual deficiencies that they are highlighting.
By the end of the lectures you should be aware of: - Some of the key weakness of the ECMWF forecast system
- Some of the diagnostic tools used to identify and understand these weaknesses
|
|
| Expand |
|---|
| Increasing observation volumes and model complexity, decreasing errors, and a growing desire for uncertainty information, all necessitate developments in our diagnostic tools. The aim of these lectures is to discuss some of these tools, the dynamical insight behind them, and the residual deficiencies that they are highlighting.
By the end of the lectures you should be aware of: - Some of the key weakness of the ECMWF forecast system
- Some of the diagnostic tools used to identify and understand these weaknesses
|
Mark Rodwell 20170511_TC_PR_Diags_2_03_static.pdf |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Initializaton techniques in coupled forecasting |
|---|
| |
Magdalena Balmaseda TCPR_Balmaseda_2017_Initialization_b.pdf
| | 10.45 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Introduction to Chaos |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to introduce the idea of chaos. We will discuss the implications this has for numerical weather prediction. By the end of the session you should be able to: - describe what limits the predictability of the atmosphere
- understand the need for probabilistic forecasting
|
Antje Weisheimer Intro_to_ChaosPres_short_AW2017.pdf
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Ensemble verification (1) |
|---|
| Abstract: The lectures introduce methods of ensemble verification. They cover the verification of discrete forecasts (e.g. dry/wet) and continuous scalar forecasts (e.g. temperature). Various scores such as the Brier score and the continuous ranked probability score are introduced. After the lectures you should be able to explain what a reliable probabilistic forecast is and how to measure reliability understand why resolution and sharpness of a probabilistic forecast matter compute several of the standard verification metrics used for ensemble forecasts
|
Martin Leutbecher v1handout.pdf
| | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Coupled ocean-atmosphere variability - MJO |
|---|
|
|
Franco Molteni TCPR_Molteni_Vitart_2017_MJO.pdf
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | The monthly forecast system at ECMWF |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to provide a general overview of monthly forecasting at ECMWF. We will review the main sources of predictability for the sub-seasonal time scale, including the Madden Julian Oscillation, sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs), land initial conditions and their simulation by the coupled IFS-NEMO system. The skill of the ECMWF operational monthly forecasts will also be discussed |
|
|
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Parametrization of sub-grid scale processes |
|---|
|
| Multiexcerpt |
|---|
|
| Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday |
|---|
Introduction to the course
Erland Källén / Students
| Expand |
|---|
| This session describes the representation of subgrid-scale variability of humidity, cloud and precipitation and how this can be parametrized in atmospheric models. By the end of the session you should be able to: • recognise the reasons for representing the subgrid variability of humidity and cloud in an atmospheric model • explain how the key quantity of cloud fraction is related to subgrid heterogeneity assumptions • describe the different types of subgrid cloud parametrization schemes. |
Richard Forbes TC2016_Forbes_L2_cloud_coldphase.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Land Surface (2):Snow |
|---|
| This session will have two mains components: - An overview of the role of snow in the climate system from observations, models and forecasts.
- Description of the current representation of snow in the ECMWF model, evaluation examples and ongoing developments.
By the end of the session, the students should be able: - Identify the main processes associated with snow in the climate system
- Describe the main components of the snow scheme in the ECMWF model
|
Emanuel Dutra pa_surf_2_cold_20160518.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Land Surface (3): Surface Energy, Water Cycle |
|---|
| By the end of the session, the students should be able: - relate flux and storage
- recognise land surface predictors and land diagnostic quantities
|
Gianpaolo Balsamo surf2.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Parametrization and Data Assimilation |
|---|
|
This three-hour lecture will start by explaining the role and main ingredients of data assimilation in general. The widely used framework of variational data assimilation will then be gradually introduced. The challenges associated with the necessary inclusion of physical parametrizations in the data assimilation process will be highlighted. The concept of adjoint model as well as the techniques to derive it will be introduced. The importance of the linearity constraint in 4D-Var and the methods to address it will be detailed. The set of linearized physical parametrizations used at ECMWF will then be briefly presented. Finally, various examples of the use of physical parametrizations in variational data assimilation and its impact on weather forecast quality will be given. By the end of the session, the students should be able: • to name the main ingredients of a data assimilation system. • to tell why physical parametrizations are needed in data assimilation. • to identify the role of the adjoint code in 4D-Var. • to recognize the importance of the regularization of the linearized code. |
Philippe Lopez
TC_PA_lopez_2016_main.ppt
| Expand |
|---|
| This module aims to introduce the fundamentals of radiative transfer theory and its role within the global atmospheric circulation. The lectures will also cover the techniques of numerical modelling of the radiative transfer equations in global-circulation models with a particular focus on the code in use in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System. By the end of the session students should be able to: • Identify the key processes controlling the atmospheric radiative balance • Recognize the role of the radiative transfer in the Earth energy balance • Estimate the impact of changes in the radiative parameterizations on climate Additional outcomes: • Develop skills in data analysis and numerical modelling |
Robin Hogan hogan_ecmwf_radiation_lecture1.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| Convection affects all atmospheric scales. Therefore, the convection session aims to provide a deeper understanding of the atmospheric general circulation and its interaction with convective heating and vertical transports. The notions and techniques acquired during the course should be useful for developers of convective parametrizations, forecasters and for analysing ouput from high-resolution convection resolving models. By the end of the session you should become familiarised with • the interaction between the large-scale circulation and the convection including radiative-convective equilibrium and convectively-coupled large-scale waves • the notion of convective adjustment and the mass flux concept in particular • the basic concepts behind the ECMWF convection parametrization and some useful numerical tricks • forecasting convection including convective systems and the diurnal cycle • diagnose forecast errors related to convection. |
Peter Bechtold CONVECTION_T1_2016.ppt
| | Expand |
|---|
| This module aims to introduce the fundamentals of radiative transfer theory and its role within the global atmospheric circulation. The lectures will also cover the techniques of numerical modelling of the radiative transfer equations in global-circulation models with a particular focus on the code in use in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System. By the end of the session students should be able to: • Identify the key processes controlling the atmospheric radiative balance • Recognize the role of the radiative transfer in the Earth energy balance • Estimate the impact of changes in the radiative parameterizations on climate Additional outcomes: • Develop skills in data analysis and numerical modelling |
Robin Hogan hogan_ecmwf_radiation_lecture2.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| Convection affects all atmospheric scales. Therefore, the convection session aims to provide a deeper understanding of the atmospheric general circulation and its interaction with convective heating and vertical transports. The notions and techniques acquired during the course should be useful for developers of convective parametrizations, forecasters and for analysing ouput from high-resolution convection resolving models. By the end of the session you should become familiarised with • the interaction between the large-scale circulation and the convection including radiative-convective equilibrium and convectively-coupled large-scale waves • the notion of convective adjustment and the mass flux concept in particular • the basic concepts behind the ECMWF convection parametrization and some useful numerical tricks • forecasting convection including convective systems and the diurnal cycle • diagnose forecast errors related to convection. |
Peter Bechtold CONVECTION_T3_2016.ppt
| | Expand |
|---|
| title | Numerics of Parameterization |
|---|
| This short lecture is an introduction to the questions of time splitting and process splitting in a numerical weather prediction model and to the problems resulting from the interaction of different numerical solvers inside the same model. After this introduction, you should • be fully aware that each parametrisation is only a small part of a much larger system, usually one term in the full system of equations which needs to be solved by the forecast model, • remember, when working on your own parametrisation(s), that parametrisations are also subject to the constraints imposed by numerical analysis and algorithmic, as is the solver in the dynamical core. |
Sylvie Malardel PDC_2016.pdf |
| Expand |
|---|
| This session gives a theoretical introduction of the planetary boundary layer, including its definition, classification, notions about turbulence within the boundary layer, differences between clear and cloudy boundary layers, and equations used to describe the mean state in a numerical model. Expected outcomes: • understand what is the boundary layer, its characteristics and why it is important to study it and represent it correctly in numerical models • understand the difference between the various boundary layer types |
Irina Sandu pbl1_is_2016.pdf
| | Expand |
|---|
| This module aims to introduce the fundamentals of radiative transfer theory and its role within the global atmospheric circulation. The lectures will also cover the techniques of numerical modelling of the radiative transfer equations in global-circulation models with a particular focus on the code in use in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System. By the end of the session students should be able to: • Identify the key processes controlling the atmospheric radiative balance • Recognize the role of the radiative transfer in the Earth energy balance • Estimate the impact of changes in the radiative parameterizations on climate Additional outcomes: • Develop skills in data analysis and numerical modelling |
Alessio Bozzo
Bozzo_Radiation_Lecture3.pptx
| | Expand |
|---|
| Convection affects all atmospheric scales. Therefore, the convection session aims to provide a deeper understanding of the atmospheric general circulation and its interaction with convective heating and vertical transports. The notions and techniques acquired during the course should be useful for developers of convective parametrizations, forecasters and for analysing ouput from high-resolution convection resolving models. By the end of the session you should become familiarised with • the interaction between the large-scale circulation and the convection including radiative-convective equilibrium and convectively-coupled large-scale waves • the notion of convective adjustment and the mass flux concept in particular • the basic concepts behind the ECMWF convection parametrization and some useful numerical tricks • forecasting convection including convective systems and the diurnal cycle • diagnose forecast errors related to convection. |
Peter Bechtold CONVECTION_T2_2016.ppt
| | Expand |
|---|
| Building on the previous two Cloud sessions, the practical implementation of a cloud parametrization is described, using the ECMWF global model as an example appropriate for global weather forecasting. By the end of the session you should be able to: • explain the key sources and sinks of cloud and precipitation required in a parametrization • describe the main components of the ECMWF stratiform cloud parametrization • recognise the limitations of approximating complex processes. |
Richard Forbes TC2016_Forbes_L3_cloud_subgrid.pptx
| | Expand |
|---|
| title | Model Evaluation: Clouds and Boundary Layer |
|---|
| This session will give an overview of techniques and data sources used for the verification of the boundary layer scheme. We will use examples from the IFS to explore how verification methods can help to identify systematic errors in the model's boundary layer parameterization, and guide future model development. By the end of this session you should be able to: • Identify data sources and products suitable for BL verification • Recognize the strengths and limitations of the verification strategies discussed • Choose a suitable verification method to investigate model errors in boundary layer height, transport and cloudiness. |
Maike Ahlgrimm CldPblVeri2016.ppt
|
| Expand |
|---|
| This session gives a brief overview of cloud parametrization issues and an understanding of the basic microphysics of liquid, ice and mixed phase cloud and precipitation processes. By the end of the session you should be able to: • recall the basic concepts for the design of a cloud parametrization • describe the key microphysical processes in the atmosphere • recognize the important microphysical processes that need to be parametrized in a global NWP model. |
Richard Forbes TC2016_Forbes_L1_cloud_warmphase.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| This session focuses on representation of the surface layer, i.e. the layer between the surface and the first model level. More particularly, it explains how the surface fluxes are parametrized, and it gives insights on the representation of the surfaces roughness lengths which are one of the crucial aspects of the formulation of the surface fluxes. Expected outcomes: • be aware of the difficulties related to the representation of the surface layer in a numerical model • understand how the surface fluxes are parametrized |
Irina Sandu pbl2_is_new.pdf | | Expand |
|---|
|
This session explains the different approaches used in numerical models to parametrize the turbulent mixing taking place at the subgrid scale, above the surface layer. Various turbulence closures are presented before describing closure currently used in the ECMWF model. Expected outcomes: • understand what a turbulence closure is and what are the types of closures encountered in numerical models • have an overview of the parameterization of turbulent mixing in the ECMWF model |
Irina Sandu
pbl3_is_2016.pdf
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Parametrization and Data Assimilation |
|---|
|
This three-hour lecture will start by explaining the role and main ingredients of data assimilation in general. The widely used framework of variational data assimilation will then be gradually introduced. The challenges associated with the necessary inclusion of physical parametrizations in the data assimilation process will be highlighted. The concept of adjoint model as well as the techniques to derive it will be introduced. The importance of the linearity constraint in 4D-Var and the methods to address it will be detailed. The set of linearized physical parametrizations used at ECMWF will then be briefly presented. Finally, various examples of the use of physical parametrizations in variational data assimilation and its impact on weather forecast quality will be given. By the end of the session, the students should be able: • to name the main ingredients of a data assimilation system. • to tell why physical parametrizations are needed in data assimilation. • to identify the role of the adjoint code in 4D-Var. • to recognize the importance of the regularization of the linearized code. |
Philippe Lopez
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Parameterization of Sub-grid Orography |
|---|
| On the basis of simple gravity wave theory, the concepts of sub-grib turbulent form drag, flow blocking, and gravity wave excitation will be introduced. The ECMWF formulations will be described, and the impact will be discussed. By the end of the session students should be able to: • Describe the relevant physical mechanisms related to sub-grid orography that have impact on flow in the atmosphere. • Describe the impact of sub-grid orography. |
Anton Beljaars subgrid_orography_2016.ppt
| | Expand |
|---|
| title | Land Surface (1): Introduction |
|---|
| By the end of the session students should be able to: - recognise land elements relevant to weather,
- review land modelling strategies to heterogeneity
|
Gianpaolo Balsamo surf1.pptx | Introduction to the Single Column Model Filip Vana Lecture2016.pdf
Radiation exercises Alessio Bozzo and Robin Hogan | Land Surface exercises
Gianpaolo Balsama and Emanuel Dutra
Boundary Layer & Cloud exercises Irina Sandu, Maike Ahlgrimm and Richard Forbes | Moist Processes Exercises
Richard Forbes and Peter Bechtold
Moist Processes Games Richard Forbes and Peter Bechtold | Radiation exercises Alessio Bozzo and Robin Hogan | Land Surface exercises Gianpaolo Balsama and Emanuel Dutra | Boundary Layer & Cloud exercises Irina Sandu, Maike Ahlgrimm and Richard Forbes | Course wrap up and certificates |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Predictability and ocean-atmosphere ensembles |
|---|
|
| Multiexcerpt |
|---|
|
|
Time: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday |
|---|
9.15-10.15 | Introduction to the course with Computer Hall tour
| | Expand |
|---|
| title | Initial uncertainties in the medium-range ENS (2) |
|---|
| In this session the generation of the perturbed initial condition of the ECMWF ensemble will be presented. We will discuss the ratio behind using singular vectors in the ensemble and how they are calculated. Then it will be explained how the singular vectors are combined with perturbations from the ensemble of data assimilations to construct the perturbations for the ensemble. By the end of the session you should be able to: explain the idea behind using singular vectors in the ensemble describe how singular vectors are calculated describe the construction of the ensemble perturbations
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Ensemble data assimilation |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to introduce the ECMWF ensemble of data assimilation (EDA). The rationale and methodology of the EDA will be illustrated, and its use in to simulate initial uncertainties in the ECMWF ensemble prediction system (ENS) will be presented. By the end of the session you should be able to: know what is the ECMWF EDA illustrate how the EDA is used to simulate initial uncertainty in ensemble prediction understand the main differences between singular vectors and EDA-based perturbations
|
Roberto Buizza RB_2016_05_TCL2_SVs_EDA.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Ensemble verification (2) |
|---|
| Abstract: The lectures introduce methods of ensemble verification. They cover the verification of discrete forecasts (e.g. dry/wet) and continuous scalar forecasts (e.g. temperature). Various scores such as the Brier score and the continuous ranked probability score are introduced. After the lectures you should be able to explain what a reliable probabilistic forecast is and how to measure reliability understand why resolution and sharpness of a probabilistic forecast matter compute several of the standard verification metrics used for ensemble forecasts
|
Martin Leutbecher v2handout.pdf | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Coupled ocean-atmosphere variability |
|---|
| | This lecture provides a broad overview of the role of the ocean on the predictability and prediction of weather and climate. It introduces some basic phenomena needed to to understand the time scales and nature of the ocean-atmosphere coupling. |
Magdalena Balmaseda tcourse16_ocean.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Initializaton techniques in seasonal forecasting |
|---|
|
|
Magdalena Balmaseda
tcourse16_Initialization.pptx10.35-1135 | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Introduction to Chaos |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to introduce the idea of chaos. We will discuss the implications this has for numerical weather prediction. By the end of the session you should be able to: - describe what limits the predictability of the atmosphere
- understand the need for probabilistic forecasting
|
Sarah Keeley Intro_to_ChaosPres.pptx
| | Expand |
|---|
| title | Approaches to ensemble prediction/TIGGE |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to illustrate the key characteristic of the nine operational global, medium-range ensemble systems. These are the ensembles available also within the TIGGE (Thorpex Interactive Grand Global Ensemble) project data-base. Similarity and differences in the approaches followed to simulate the sources of forecast uncertainties will be discussed, and their relevance for forecast performance will be illustrated. By the end of the session you should be able to: illustrate the main similarities and differences of the 9 TIGGE global ensembles link the performance differences of TIGGE ensemble to their design describe the main differences between singular vectors and EDA-based perturbations
|
Roberto Buizza RB_2016_05_TCL3_TIGGE.pptx | | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Coupled ocean-atmosphere variability - MJO |
|---|
|
Frederic Vitart
TCPR_Vitart_2016_MJO.pptx
| Expand |
|---|
| title | The monthly forecast system at ECMWF |
|---|
|
The aim of this session is to provide a general overview of monthly forecasting at ECMWF. We will review the main sources of predictability for the sub-seasonal time scale, including the Madden Julian Oscillation, sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs), land initial conditions and their simulation by the coupled IFS-NEMO system. The skill of the ECMWF operational monthly forecasts
will also be discussed.
By the end of the session you should be able to:
- List the different sources of predictability for extended-range forecasts
- Describe the operational system used to produce the ECMWF monthly forecasts
- Assess the skill of the monthly forecasting system
Frederic Vitart
TCPR_Vitart_2016.2.pptx
11.45-12.45 | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Sources of uncertainty |
|---|
|
The aim of this session is to introduce the main sources of uncertainty that lead to forecast errors. The weather prediction problem will be discussed, and stated it in terms of an appropriate probability density function (PDF). The concept of ensemble prediction based on a finite number of integration will be introduced, and the reason why it is to be the only feasible method to predict the PDF beyond the range of linear growth will be illustrated.
By the end of the session you should be able to: |
|
|
explain which are the main sources of forecast error
illustrate why numerical prediction should be stated in probabilistic terms
describe the rationale behind ensemble prediction
Roberto Buizza
RB_2016_05_TCL1_sources_unc.pptx
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Ensemble verification (1) |
|---|
|
Abstract: The lectures introduce methods of ensemble verification. They cover the verification of discrete forecasts (e.g. dry/wet) and continuous scalar forecasts (e.g. temperature). Various scores such as the Brier score and the continuous ranked probability score are introduced. After the lectures you should be able to explain what a reliable probabilistic forecast is and how to measure reliability understand why resolution and sharpness of a probabilistic forecast matter compute several of the standard verification metrics used for ensemble forecasts
|
Martin Leutbecher
v1handout.pdf
- List the different sources of predictability for extended-range forecasts
- Describe the operational system used to produce the ECMWF monthly forecasts
- Assess the skill of the monthly forecasting system
|
Magdalena Balmaseda TCPR_Vitart_2017.2.pdf | | 11.55 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Sources of uncertainty |
|---|
| | The aim of this session is to introduce the main sources of uncertainty that lead to forecast errors. The weather prediction problem will be discussed, and stated it in terms of an appropriate probability density function (PDF). The concept of ensemble prediction based on a finite number of integration will be introduced, and the reason why it is to be the only feasible method to predict the PDF beyond the range of linear growth will be illustrated. By the end of the session you should be able to: explain which are the main sources of forecast error illustrate why numerical prediction should be stated in probabilistic terms describe the rationale behind ensemble prediction
|
Antje Weisheimer
sources_of_uncertainty_AW2017.pdf
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Using stochastic physics to represent model error |
|---|
| After this lecture, students will be able to: explain the physical and practical motivations for using stochastic physics in an ensemble forecast; describe the two stochastic parameterization schemes used in the IFS ensemble, and their respective purposes; be able to identify the improvement in forecasting skill from the inclusion of stochastic physics.
|
Sarah-Jane Lock StochPhys2017_print.pdf
| |
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Clustering techniques and their applications |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to understand the ECMWF clustering products. By the end of the session you should be able to: - explain how the cluster analysis works
- use the ECMWF clustering products
|
Laura Ferranti TC_clustering_ |
|
2016Diagnostics (2) | Increasing observation volumes and model complexity, decreasing errors, and a growing desire for
uncertainty information, all necessitate developments in our diagnostic tools. The aim of these
lectures is to discuss some of these tools, the dynamical insight behind them, and the residual
deficiencies that they are highlighting.
By the end of the lectures you should be aware of:
- Some of the key weakness of the ECMWF forecast system
- Some of the diagnostic tools used to identify and understand these weaknesses
Mark Rodwell
20160512_TC_PR_Diags_2_02.pptx| Coupled land-atmosphere variability |
| Land surface is a potential source of predictability of weather variability, such as warm or cold spells or precipitation. We will review the way land surface affects the atmospheric conditions, and the criteria that need to be fulfilled to contribute to predictability. A number of land-atmosphere coupling metrics are discussed, as well as a number of studies on the effect of realistic land surface initialization reported in literature. |
Bart van den Hurk Land_surface_predictability_for_training_course.pdf |
|
tc2016 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | The seasonal forecast system at ECMWF |
|---|
| This lecture covers the essentials of building a numerical seasonal forecast system, as exemplified by the present prediction system at ECMWF. By the end of this lecture, you should be able to: - explain the scientific basis of seasonal forecast systems
- describe in outline ECMWF System 4 and its forecast performance
- discuss the critical factors in further improving forecast systems
|
Tim Stockdale |
|
pptx.00-3| .00 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Sources of predictability beyond the deterministic limit |
|---|
| The aim of this session is to understand how we are able to provide forecasts at long time horizons given the chaotic nature of the atmosphere. After this session you should be able to: - describe the Lorenz idea of Predictability of the first and second kind
- list examples of the elements of the Earth system that provide predictability on longer timescales
- understand the type of forecast that we are able to provide beyond the deterministic limit
|
Sarah Keeley Beyond_limit |
|
_updpptxUsing stochastic physics to represent model error | After this lecture, students will be able to: explain the physical and practical motivations for using stochastic physics in an ensemble forecast; describe the two stochastic parameterization schemes used in the IFS ensemble, and their respective purposes; be able to identify the improvement in forecasting skill from the inclusion of stochastic physics.
|
| Post-processing of ensemble forecasts |
| This lecture gives an overview of ensemble and post-processing and calibration techniques. The presentation is made from the medium-range forecast perspective. The (relative) benefits of calibration and multi-model combination for medium-range forecasting are also discussed. By the end of this lecture, you should be able to: - describe a wide range of possible calibration methods for ensemble systems
- explain which methods are suitable in which circumstances
- discuss the merits of calibration and multi-model combination
|
|
|
Sarah-Jane Lock
StochPhys2016Diagnostics (1) | Increasing observation volumes and model complexity, decreasing errors, and a growing desire for
uncertainty information, all necessitate developments in our diagnostic tools. The aim of these
lectures is to discuss some of these tools, the dynamical insight behind them, and the residual
deficiencies that they are highlighting.
By the end of the lectures you should be aware of:
- Some of the key weakness of the ECMWF forecast system
- Some of the diagnostic tools used to identify and understand these weaknesses
Mark Rodwell
20160511_TC_PR_Diags_1_02.pptx
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Post-processing of ensemble forecasts |
|---|
| This lecture gives an overview of ensemble and post-processing and calibration techniques. The presentation is made from the medium-range forecast perspective. The (relative) benefits of calibration and multi-model combination for medium-range forecasting are also discussed. By the end of this lecture, you should be able to: - describe a wide range of possible calibration methods for ensemble systems
- explain which methods are suitable in which circumstances
- discuss the merits of calibration and multi-model combination
|
Tim Stockdale tc2016_calibration.pptx | 2.45pm Discussion Session in the Weather Room | Expand |
|---|
| The latest medium, monthly and seasonal forecasts will be discussed in terms of out look and performance. This is a combined event with the weekly weather discussion that ECMWF staff attend. |
| 3.30-4.30 | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Initial uncertainties in the medium-range ENS (1) |
|---|
| The aim of the this lecture is to discuss basic concepts behind initial perturbation techniques. After the lecture you should be able to: - Understand the difference between singular vectors and breeding (ETKF) vectors
- Explain why pure random perturbations do not work
|
Linus Magnusson traning_2016_inipert1_lm.pptx | | Expand |
|---|
| title | Stratospheric impacts |
|---|
|
|
Ted Shepherd
ECMWF_Predictability_2016_new.pdf
| | Expand |
|---|
| title | Coupled ocean-atmosphere variability |
|---|
| | This lecture provides a broad overview of the role of the ocean on the predictability and prediction of weather and climate. It introduces some basic phenomena needed to to understand the time scales and nature of the ocean-atmosphere coupling. |
Magdalena Balmaseda TCPR_Balmaseda_2017_ocean_updated.pdf
| 2.45pm Discussion Session in the Weather Room | Expand |
|---|
| The latest medium, monthly and seasonal forecasts will be discussed in terms of out look and performance. This is a combined event with the weekly weather discussion that ECMWF staff attend. |
| | 3.30 |
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Initial uncertainties in the medium-range ENS (2) |
|---|
| In this session the generation of the perturbed initial condition of the ECMWF ensemble will be presented. We will discuss the ratio behind using singular vectors in the ensemble and how they are calculated. Then it will be explained how the singular vectors are combined with perturbations from the ensemble of data assimilations to construct the perturbations for the ensemble. By the end of the session you should be able to: explain the idea behind using singular vectors in the ensemble describe how singular vectors are calculated describe the construction of the ensemble perturbations
|
|
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Ensemble verification (2) |
|---|
| Abstract: The lectures introduce methods of ensemble verification. They cover the verification of discrete forecasts (e.g. dry/wet) and continuous scalar forecasts (e.g. temperature). Various scores such as the Brier score and the continuous ranked probability score are introduced. After the lectures you should be able to explain what a reliable probabilistic forecast is and how to measure reliability understand why resolution and sharpness of a probabilistic forecast matter compute several of the standard verification metrics used for ensemble forecasts
|
Martin Leutbecher v2handout.pdf |
|
|
Linus Magnusson/Sarah KeeleyPractice Session: | Expand |
|---|
| You get the opportunity to experiment yourself with an ensemble prediction system for a chaotic low-dimensional dynamical system introduced by Edward Lorenz in 1995. Experiments permit to study the role of the initial condition perturbations and the representation of model uncertainties. Various metrics introduced in the ensemble verification lectures will be applied in this session. After the practice session, you will be able to use the toy model as an educational tool. |
Martin Leutbecher | |
|
Ensemble Verification
| Expand |
|---|
| title | Economic Value of Ensembles |
|---|
|
|
Louise Arnal, Sarah Keeley and Sarah-Jane Lock |
|
Understanding Ensembles PracticalComputer hall and Weather Room Tours 5.15 |
|
Poster session and ice breaker | Lecture and Practice Session: | Expand |
|---|
| title | Application of ENS: Flood |
|---|
| Abstract: The lecture is a short introduction to operational hydrological ensemble prediction systems, with focus on flooding. The European Flood Awareness System (EFAS) is described. The lecture also contains a short interactive exercise in decision making under uncertainty using prbabilistic forecasts as an example. By the end of the session you should be able to: Describe the components in hydrological ensemble prediction systems (HEPS). Describe the major sources of uncertainty in HEPS and how they can be reduced. Explain the difficulties in using probabilistic flood forecasts in decision making.
|
Fredrik Wetterhall fred_ |
|
flooding2016pptx | Practical extension | Practical extension | |
|