Page History

...

• exposed snow - for areas without vegetation above the snowpack without interference to the weak incoming and outgoing heat and momentum fluxes.
• forest snow - for areas where there is tree cover sufficient to interfere with incoming and outgoing heat and momentum fluxes.   The heat flux at the snow/atmosphere interface is rather larger than over exposed snow. 

Forecasts of air temperature at 2m uses the skin temperature of the snow as if it were at the ground surface (rather than at the elevation of the snow surface).  This may lead to errors in forecast 2m temperatures in cases of deep snow.

The multi-layer snow model

...